Tetrahydrofuran

Description

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a versatile organic solvent widely used in industrial, pharmaceutical, and chemical synthesis applications. It is a colorless, highly volatile, and water-miscible liquid with a low viscosity, making it an ideal solvent for polymers, resins, coatings, adhesives, and organic reactions. THF is also commonly used in Grignard reactions, lithium battery electrolytes, and industrial extraction processes.

Chemical Information:

• Chemical Name: Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
• CAS Number: 109-99-9
• Molecular Formula: C₄H₈O
• Molecular Weight: 72.11 g/mol
• Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
• Odor: Ether-like, mild
• Purity: ≥ 99.9% (anhydrous available)

Physical & Chemical Properties:

• Boiling Point: 65-67°C
• Density: ~0.88 g/cm³ at 25°C
• Solubility: Fully miscible with water, alcohols, and many organic solvents
• Viscosity: Low viscosity (0.48 cP at 25°C)
• Refractive Index: 1.405 – 1.407
• Flash Point: -17°C (1°F) (Highly flammable)
• Vapor Pressure: 162 mmHg at 20°C
• Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under standard conditions

Mechanical & Stability Properties:

• Combustibility: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
• Oxidation Stability: Forms peroxides over time; should be stored with stabilizers
• Evaporation Rate: High; evaporates quickly under ambient conditions

Safety

• Hazard Classification: Highly flammable liquid, may cause skin and eye irritation, and forms explosive peroxides.
• Inhalation Risk: Avoid breathing vapors; prolonged exposure can cause dizziness and respiratory irritation.
• First Aid Measures:
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur.
  • Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing.
  • Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention.
• Fire Hazard: Highly flammable. Keep away from ignition sources. Use CO₂, foam, or dry chemical